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ARTICLE AD BOX
Antonio Costa, Narendra Modi, and Ursula von der Leyen
NEW DELHI: The India–European Union (EU) Free Trade Agreement (FTA), announced connected Tuesday, is the country's eighth specified pact since 2021. Famously called the "mother of each deals" by European Commission president Ursula von der Leyen days earlier she arrived successful Delhi with European Council President Antonio Costa, the FTA brings unneurotic the second-largest system (EU) and the fourth-largest (India).
8 FTAs since 2021
The pact was finalised during the European leaders’ sojourn to Delhi for India’s 77th Republic Day celebrations, for which they were invited arsenic main guests. It was announced a time aft Republic Day, making the EU India’s 22nd FTA partner.Here are India’s 8 Free Trade Agreements since 2021:Mauritius: The Mauritius–India Comprehensive Economic Cooperation and Partnership Agreement (CECPA) was signed connected February 22, 2021.
The pact came into unit connected April 1, making it India’s archetypal specified statement with an African nation.UAE: India’s Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement with the UAE was signed connected February 18, 2022, and came into unit connected May 1. Under the agreement, the UAE would destruct 97% of tariff lines, covering 99% of India’s exports to the UAE. In return, India would supply greater entree to UAE exports by reducing oregon removing tariffs connected 80% of products.
Australia: Signed connected April 2, 2022, and successful effect since December 29, the Economic Cooperation and Trade Agreement (ECTA) made 85% of Australian goods exports to India by worth tariff-free, rising to 90% by January 1, 2026. India, successful turn, received zero-tariff entree to Australian goods.EFTA: It was India's FTA with 4 developed European nations (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland) and was signed aft 21 rounds of negotiations that began successful 2008.
Called the Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA), it was signed connected March 10, 2024, and implemented connected October 1, 2025. TEPA committed $100 cardinal investments and 1 cardinal nonstop jobs successful India implicit 15 years.UK: Signed connected July 24 past twelvemonth during Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s sojourn to London, the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) provides duty-free entree to 99% of India’s exports to the UK, covering astir 100% of the commercialized value.Oman: India and Oman signed their Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement connected December 18, 2025. Under the pact, India secures 100% duty-free entree successful Oman crossed 98.08% of tariff lines, covering 99.38% of the export value.New Zealand: Although yet to beryllium signed, the India–New Zealand FTA is 1 of India’s fastest-concluded commercialized pacts. Negotiations began successful March past twelvemonth and concluded successful December. It provides unprecedented duty-free entree for Indian exports to New Zealand portion safeguarding India’s delicate sectors.EU: Under the FTA, Indian exports worthy Rs 6.4 lakh crore are acceptable to summation entree to 27 EU markets nether a azygous commercialized framework. The woody is expected to heighten marketplace entree for Indian products crossed sectors including textiles and apparel, engineering goods, pharmaceuticals, aesculapian devices, electronics, chemicals, plastics and rubber, marine products, leather and footwear, gems and jewellery, handicrafts, tea, spices, and agri-products.Although expected to beryllium implemented adjacent year, Union curate Piyush Goyal said the authorities is hopeful to rotation it retired wrong the existent calendar year.
